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Blockchain applied to the construction supply chain: A case study with threat model

Gjorgji SHEMOV, Borja GARCIA de SOTO, Hoda ALKHZAIMI

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期   页码 564-577 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0129-x

摘要： The construction industry has long faced the challenge of introducing collaborative systems among multiple stakeholders. This challenge creates a high level of rigidity in terms of processing shared information related to different processes, robust holistic regulations, payment actualizations, and resource utilization across different nodes. The need for a digital platform to cross-connect all stakeholders is necessary. A blockchain-based platform is a prime candidate to improve the industry in general and the construction supply chain (CSC) in particular. In this paper, a literature review is presented to establish the main challenges that CSC faces in terms of its effects on productivity and efficiency. In addition, the effect of applying blockchain platforms on a case study is presented and analyzed from performance and security level. The analysis aims to emphasize that blockchain, as presented in this paper, is a viable solution to the challenges in the CSC regardless of the risks associated with the security and robustness of the flow of information and data protection. Moreover, a threat analysis of applying a blockchain model on the CSC industry is introduced. This model indicates potential attacks and possible countermeasures to prevent the attacks. Future work is needed to expand, quantify, and optimize the threat model and conduct simulations considering proposed countermeasures for the different blockchain attacks outlined in this study.

关键词： blockchain taxonomy     construction supply chain     literature review     threat model analysis     security level analysis    

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Endemicity of H9N2 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses in poultry in China poses a serious threat to poultry

Jiao HU,Xiufan LIU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第1期   页码 11-24 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016092

摘要： The H9N2 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been circulating in poultry in China and become endemic since 1998 and 2004, respectively. Currently, they are prevalent in poultry throughout China. This endemicity makes them actively involved in the emergence of the novel lineages of other subtypes of influenza viruses, such as the well-known viruses of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N2 and the 2013 novel H7N7, H7N9 and H10N8 subtypes, thereby threatening both the poultry industry and public health. Here, we will review briefly the prevalence and evolution, pathogenicity, transmission, and disease control of these two subtypes and also discuss the possibility of emergence of potentially virulent and highly transmissible AIVs to humans.

关键词： avian influenza virus     H9N2     H5N1     novel viruses     public health    

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Isogeometric cohesive zone model for thin shell delamination analysis based on Kirchhoff-Love shell model

Tran Quoc THAI, Timon RABCZUK, Xiaoying ZHUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 267-279 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0567-x

摘要： We present a cohesive zone model for delamination in thin shells and composite structures. The isogeometric (IGA) thin shell model is based on Kirchhoff-Love theory. Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) are used to discretize the exact mid-surface of the shell geometry exploiting their C -continuity property which avoids rotational degrees of freedom. The fracture process zone is modeled by interface elements with a cohesive law. Two numerical examples are presented to test and validate the proposed formulation in predicting the delamination behavior of composite structures.

关键词： cohesive zone model     IGA     Kirchhoff-Love model     thin shell analysis     delamination    

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Operating mechanism and set pair analysis model of a sustainable water resources system

Chaoyang DU,Jingjie YU,Huaping ZHONG,Dandan WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 288-297 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0642-4

摘要： There is no alternative to the world’s water resources, and their increasing scarcity is making it difficult to meet the world population’s water needs. This paper presents a sustainable water resources system (SWRS) and analyzes the operating mechanism that makes it possible to evaluate the status of such a system. A SWRS can be described as a complex coupling system that integrates water resources, social, economic and ecological systems into a whole. The SWRS’s operating mechanism is composed of dynamic, resistance and coordination components, and it interacts with and controls the system’s evolution process. The study introduces a new approach, set pair analysis theory, to measure the state of a SWRS, and an evaluation index system is established using the subsystems and operating mechanism of a SWRS. The evaluation index system is separated into three levels (goal level, criteria level and index level) and divides the index standard into five grades. An evaluation model of the SWRS based on set pair analysis theory is constructed, and an example of SWRS evaluation in Shanghai is presented. The connection degrees of the index in the three levels are calculated, and the connection degree of the goal index is calculated to be 0.342, which classifies the city’s SWRS condition as grade 2. The sustainable use of water resources in the region is determined to be at a relatively adequate level that meets the requirements of sustainable development.

关键词： sustainable water resources system     operating mechanism     set pair analysis model     Shanghai    

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Decomposition and decoupling analysis of electricity consumption carbon emissions in China

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 486-498 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0215-3

摘要： Electricity consumption is one of the major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, we build a power consumption carbon emission measurement model based on the operating margin factor. We use the decomposition and decoupling technology of logarithmic mean Divisia index method to quantify six effects (emission intensity, power generation structure, consumption electricity intensity, economic scale, population structure, and population scale) and comprehensively reflect the degree of dependence of electricity consumption carbon emissions on China’s economic development and population changes. Moreover, we utilize the decoupling model to analyze the decoupling state between carbon emissions and economic growth and identify corresponding energy efficiency policies. The results of this study provide a new perspective to understand carbon emission reduction potentials in the electricity use of China.

关键词： electricity consumption carbon emission measurement     LMDI model     decoupling model     data driven    

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Modified Bishop method for stability analysis of weakly sloped subgrade under centrifuge model test

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 727-741 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0730-z

摘要： The sliding forms of weak sloped and horizontal subgrades during the sliding process differ. In addition, the sliding form of weakly sloped subgrades exhibits considerable slippage and asymmetry. The accuracy of traditional slice methods for computing the stability safety factor of weakly sloped subgrades is insufficient for a subgrade design. In this study, a novel modified Bishop method was developed to improve the accuracy of the stability safety factor for different inclination angles. The instability mechanism of the weakly sloped subgrade was considered in the proposed method using the “influential force” and “additional force” concepts. The “additional force” reflected the weight effect of the embankment fill, whereas the “influential force” reflected the effect of the potential energy difference. Numerical simulations and experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the advantages of the proposed modified Bishop method. Compared with the traditional slice method, the error between the proposed method and the exact value is less than 32.3% in calculating the safety factor.

关键词： weakly sloped subgrade     stability analysis     additional force     influential force     modified Bishop method    

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Optimization model analysis of centralized groundwater source heat pump system in heating season

Shilei LU,Yunfang QI,Zhe CAI,Yiran LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 343-361 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0372-8

摘要： The ground-water heat-pump system (GWHP) provides a high efficient way for heating and cooling while consuming a little electrical energy. Due to the lack of scientific guidance for operating control strategy, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the system and units are still very low. In this paper, the running strategy of GWHP was studied. First, the groundwater thermal transfer calculation under slow heat transfixion and transient heat transfixion was established by calculating the heat transfer simulation software Flow Heat and using correction factor. Next, heating parameters were calculated based on the building heat load and the terminal equipment characteristic equation. Then, the energy consumption calculation model for units and pumps were established, based on which the optimization method and constraints were established. Finally, a field test on a GWHP system in Beijing was conducted and the model was applied. The new system operation optimization idea for taking every part of the GWHP into account that put forward in this paper has an important guiding significance to the actual operation of underground water source heat pump.

关键词： optimization model     groundwater source heat pump system     theoretical analysis     example verification     heating season    

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信息安全系统观

林代茂

《中国工程科学》 2007年 第9卷 第8期   页码 21-25

摘要：

给出了信息安全的三层涵义，指出信息安全学科是自然科学与社会科学的融合体。从社会工程角度给出系统的概念，从部件、接缝、人员、环境四方面探讨了系统与信息安全的关系，提出了信息安全设计的必要步骤,并以通信系统为例分析了影响信息安全的因素。

关键词： 信息安全     安全系数     信息隐藏     接缝     威胁    

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Fictitious soil pile model for dynamic analysis of pipe piles under high-strain conditions

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 915-934 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0907-8

摘要： A fictitious soil pile (FSP) model is developed to simulate the behavior of pipe piles with soil plugs undergoing high-strain dynamic impact loading. The developed model simulates the base soil with a fictitious hollow pile fully filled with a soil plug extending at a cone angle from the pile toe to the bedrock. The friction on the outside and inside of the pile walls is distinguished using different shaft models, and the propagation of stress waves in the base soil and soil plug is considered. The motions of the pile−soil system are solved by discretizing them into spring-mass model based on the finite difference method. Comparisons of the predictions of the proposed model and conventional numerical models, as well as measurements for pipe piles in field tests subjected to impact loading, validate the accuracy of the proposed model. A parametric analysis is conducted to illustrate the influence of the model parameters on the pile dynamic response. Finally, the effective length of the FSP is proposed to approximate the affected soil zone below the pipe pile toe, and some guidance is provided for the selection of the model parameters.

关键词： fictitious soil pile     soil plug     pipe piles     high-strain dynamic analysis     one-dimensional wave theory     pile dynamics    

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Coupled solid-fluid FE-analysis of an embankment dam

Michael PERTL, Matthias HOFMANN, Guenter HOFSTETTER

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 53-62 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0084-4

摘要： A coupled solid-fluid FE-model for partially saturated soils, characterized by modeling the soil as a three-phase material consisting of a deformable soil skeleton and the fluid phases water and air, is reviewed briefly. As a constitutive model for the soil skeleton, the well-known Barcelona Basic model (BBM) is employed, which is formulated in terms of net stress and matric suction. For the BBM, a computationally efficient return mapping algorithm is proposed, which only requires the solution of a scalar nonlinear equation at the integration point level. The coupled FE-model is applied to the coupled transient numerical simulation of the water flow and the deformations and stresses in an embankment dam.

关键词： multi-phase model     unsaturated soil model     Barcelona Basic model (BBM)     return mapping algorithm     embankment dam    

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Sustainability performance analysis of environment innovation systems using a two-stage network DEA model

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 425-438 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0205-5

摘要： The term environmental innovation system refers to an innovation network composed of enterprises, universities, and research institutions involved in the development and diffusion of environmental technology, with the participation of a government. An environmental innovation system not only exerts important impact on the achievement of carbon neutrality but also affects social and economic activities. Investigations on environmental innovation system performance constantly assume a single-stage independent system while ignoring its internal structure. However, such systems are composed of environmental innovation research and development (R&D) and environmental innovation conversion subsystems. A two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model is developed in this study to analyze the efficiency of Chinese regional environmental innovation system by opening the “black box” and considering shared resources. Empirical results indicated that China presents high overall environmental innovation efficiency although some regions need to improve. Regions with low efficiencies in both environmental innovation R&D (EIR) and environmental innovation conversion (EIC) subsystems should expand their investment in and strengthen the management of environmental innovation resources. Regions with low EIR efficiency should improve the absorption and transformation of environmental innovation achievements. Regions with low EIC efficiency should increase investment in the commercialization of environmental innovation achievements and encourage green economy industries, such as new energy, art, tourism, and environmental protection.

关键词： data envelopment analysis     environmental efficiency     environmental innovation system     shared resources     two-stage structure    

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Extended two-fluid model applied to analysis of bubbly flow in multiphase rotodynamic pump impeller

Zhiyi YU, Guoyu WANG, Shuliang CAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第1期   页码 53-59 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0006-0

摘要： This paper presents an extended two-fluid model based on the Navier-Stokes equations and the standard turbulence model, to simulate the three-dimensional air-water bubbly flow in turbo machinery. In the governing equations, the drag force and added mass force are added and the additional source terms arising from fluctuations of gas volume fraction are considered. The discrete equations are solved using a developed two-phase semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equations, consistent (SIMPLEC) algorithm in body-fitted coordinates with a staggered grid system. Simulation is then carried out for the pure liquid flow and air-water two-phase flow with the inlet gas volume fraction being 15% in a multiphase rotodynamic pump impeller and the pump head performance is predicted. Comparison with experimental results shows the reliability and commonality of the numerical model.

关键词： two-fluid model     multiphase rotodynamic pump     SIMPLEC algorithm     numerical simulation    

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Centrifuge model test and field measurement analysis for foundation pit with confined water

Chunlin DING , Xiaohong MENG ,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 299-304 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0035-0

摘要： The similarity law of centrifuge test was developed for the seepage field and stress field of a foundation pit with confined water by analyzing control equations, and a similarity index and a similarity coefficient of centrifuge test were obtained. Based on the deep foundation pit of the Huangxing Road Station of the Shanghai metro line M8, the deformation stability of the pit was tested. Finally, a comparative study was conducted on the test results of the pit deformation and the field measurement results. Comparison results show that the pit deformation regularity of the test is basically identical with that of the field measurement, and the difference in pit deformation between the test and the field measurement is within 50%. The centrifuge model test can effectively simulate the displacement response of the ground and retaining structure during dewatering and excavation for the pit with confined water, which provides a reliable basis for the design and construction of the pit with confined water.

关键词： foundation pit with confined water     centrifuge model test     seepage-stress coupling field     similarity relation     field measurement     deformation    

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New analysis model for rotor-bearing systems based on plate theory

Zhinan ZHANG, Mingdong ZHOU, Weimin DING, Huifang MA

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第14卷 第4期   页码 461-473 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0525-2

摘要： The purpose of this work is to develop a new analysis model for angular-contact, ball-bearing systems on the basis of plate theory instead of commonly known approaches that utilize spring elements. Axial and radial stiffness on an annular plate are developed based on plate, Timoshenko beam, and plasticity theories. The model is developed using theoretical and inductive methods and validated through a numerical simulation with the finite element method. The new analysis model is suitable for static and modal analyses of rotor-bearing systems. Numerical examples are presented to reveal the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed approach.

关键词： rotor-bearing system     rolling element bearing     plate theory     finite element analysis    

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Isogeometric analysis based on geometric reconstruction models

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第4期   页码 782-797 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0648-0

摘要： In isogeometric analysis (IGA), the boundary representation of computer-aided design (CAD) and the tensor-product non-uniform rational B-spline structure make the analysis of three-dimensional (3D) problems with irregular geometries difficult. In this paper, an IGA method for complex models is presented by reconstructing analysis-suitable models. The CAD model is represented by boundary polygons or point cloud and is embedded into a regular background grid, and a model reconstruction method is proposed to obtain the level set function of the approximate model, which can be directly used in IGA. Three 3D examples are used to test the proposed method, and the results demonstrate that the proposed method can deal with complex engineering parts reconstructed by boundary polygons or point clouds.

关键词： isogeometric analysis     reconstruction model     level set function     trimmed element     point cloud    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Blockchain applied to the construction supply chain: A case study with threat model

Gjorgji SHEMOV, Borja GARCIA de SOTO, Hoda ALKHZAIMI

期刊论文

Endemicity of H9N2 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses in poultry in China poses a serious threat to poultry

Jiao HU,Xiufan LIU

期刊论文

Isogeometric cohesive zone model for thin shell delamination analysis based on Kirchhoff-Love shell model

Tran Quoc THAI, Timon RABCZUK, Xiaoying ZHUANG

期刊论文

Operating mechanism and set pair analysis model of a sustainable water resources system

Chaoyang DU,Jingjie YU,Huaping ZHONG,Dandan WANG

期刊论文

Decomposition and decoupling analysis of electricity consumption carbon emissions in China

期刊论文

Modified Bishop method for stability analysis of weakly sloped subgrade under centrifuge model test

期刊论文

Optimization model analysis of centralized groundwater source heat pump system in heating season

Shilei LU,Yunfang QI,Zhe CAI,Yiran LI

期刊论文

信息安全系统观

林代茂

期刊论文

Fictitious soil pile model for dynamic analysis of pipe piles under high-strain conditions

期刊论文

Coupled solid-fluid FE-analysis of an embankment dam

Michael PERTL, Matthias HOFMANN, Guenter HOFSTETTER

期刊论文

Sustainability performance analysis of environment innovation systems using a two-stage network DEA model

期刊论文

Extended two-fluid model applied to analysis of bubbly flow in multiphase rotodynamic pump impeller

Zhiyi YU, Guoyu WANG, Shuliang CAO

期刊论文

Centrifuge model test and field measurement analysis for foundation pit with confined water

Chunlin DING , Xiaohong MENG ,

期刊论文

New analysis model for rotor-bearing systems based on plate theory

Zhinan ZHANG, Mingdong ZHOU, Weimin DING, Huifang MA

期刊论文

Isogeometric analysis based on geometric reconstruction models

期刊论文